引言:为什么老外总是说"for 3 days, since Monday, during the holiday"?
你是不是经常在说英语时纠结:
告诉你一个秘密: 这三个介词有完全不同的含义!用错了会让老外觉得你的英语很"奇怪"!
为什么? 因为这三个介词表示不同的时间概念!
今天我就来揭秘这个让90%的中国人都搞错的语法点,让你的英语表达瞬间变得地道!
核心概念:三个介词的不同含义三个介词的基本含义 for → 持续多长时间(时间段)since → 从什么时候开始(起始点)during → 在某个时期(期间)
形象比喻:
时间轴: ●───────●───────● since for during (起点) (持续) (期间)
时间概念:
"I have lived here for 5 years." (我在这里住了5年)"She has been working for 3 hours." (她已经工作3小时了)常见时间段表达
for 3 days(3天)for 2 weeks(2周)for 1 month(1个月)for 6 months(6个月)for 1 year(1年)2. "since" - 从什么时候开始基本用法:since + 时间点
"I have lived here since 2020." (我从2020年就住在这里)"She has been working since 9 AM." (她从早上9点就开始工作)常见时间点表达
since Monday(从周一开始)since January(从一月份开始)since last year(从去年开始)since 2020(从2020年开始)3. "during" - 在某个时期基本用法:during + 时期
"I read a book during the holiday." (我在假期期间读了一本书)"She called me during the meeting." (她在会议期间给我打电话)常见时期表达
during the holiday(在假期期间)during the meeting(在会议期间)during the night(在夜间)during the summer(在夏天)最容易出错的5种情况错误1:混淆"for"和"since"
错误用法:"I have lived here since 5 years." (since后面不能跟时间段)"She has been working for 2020." (for后面不能跟时间点) 正确用法:"I have lived here for 5 years." (for + 时间段)"She has been working since 2020." (since + 时间点)错误2:混淆"for"和"during"
错误用法:"I read a book for the holiday." (for表示持续,不表示期间)"She called me for the meeting." (for表示持续,不表示期间) 正确用法:"I read a book during the holiday." (during + 时期)"She called me during the meeting." (during + 时期)错误3:混淆"since"和"during"
错误用法:"I read a book since the holiday." (since表示从某个时间点开始)"She called me since the meeting." (since表示从某个时间点开始) 正确用法:"I read a book during the holiday." (during + 时期)"She called me during the meeting." (during + 时期)错误4:时态使用错误
错误用法:"I live here for 5 years." (for通常与现在完成时连用)"She works since 9 AM." (since通常与现在完成时连用) 正确用法:"I have lived here for 5 years." (现在完成时)"She has been working since 9 AM." (现在完成时)错误5:介词搭配错误
错误用法:"I have been here since 3 days." (since后面不能跟时间段)"She called me for the meeting." (for表示持续,不表示期间) 正确用法:"I have been here for 3 days." (for + 时间段)"She called me during the meeting." (during + 时期)实用记忆技巧技巧1:含义判断法
for的标志词: 时间段(days, weeks, months, years...) since的标志词: 时间点(Monday, January, 2020...) during的标志词: 时期(holiday, meeting, night...)
技巧3:时态记忆法 for + 现在完成时(I have lived here for 5 years. 我在这里住了5年。)since + 现在完成时(I have lived here since 2020. 我从2020年就住在这里。)during + 各种时态都可以(I read a book during the holiday. 我在假期期间读了一本书。)技巧4:场景记忆法
想象三个朋友:
"I have been working on this project for 3 months." (我已经做这个项目3个月了)"I have been working on this project since January." (我从一月份开始做这个项目)"I made a presentation during the meeting." (我在会议期间做了演示)邮件沟通
"I have been waiting for your reply for 2 days." (我已经等你的回复2天了)"I have been waiting for your reply since Monday." (我从周一开始等你的回复)"I will be available during the holiday." (我在假期期间有空)工作汇报
"I have been learning English for 1 year." (我学英语1年了)"I have been learning English since last year." (我从去年开始学英语)"I practiced speaking during the vacation." (我在假期期间练习口语)碎片时间学习法
等电梯30秒: 在心里用for/since/during造句 坐地铁5分钟: 练习含义判断法 午休10分钟: 用三个介词写一段工作经历
学习效果: 每天坚持,一周就能掌握这三个介词的精髓!
实战练习题练习1:选择正确的介词答案: 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A
练习2:翻译句子参考答案:
for + 现在完成时(I have lived here for 5 years. 我在这里住了5年。)since + 现在完成时(I have lived here since 2020. 我从2020年就住在这里。)during + 各种时态(I read a book during the holiday. 我在假期期间读了一本书。)2. 美式英语vs英式英语
美式:during the weekend(周末期间)英式:at the weekend(周末)3. 固定搭配
for a long time(很长时间)since then(从那时起)during the day(在白天)总结:记住这4个要点要点1:基本含义
for表示持续多久,since表示从什么时候during表示在期间,含义不同要记牢for加时间段,since加时间点during加时期,时态搭配要正确
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#英语学习 #英语语法 #介词 #时间段介词 #for #since #during #学英语