上海人口2019总人数口

　　#上头条 聊热点#

　　上海黄金周的人流有多夸张？

　　据半岛电视台2025年11月25日报道，联合国的最新报告显示，印度尼西亚首都雅加达以4190万人口成为全球人口最多的城市，紧随其后的是孟加拉国首都达卡，人口达3660万。

　　雅加达是位于人口稠密的印度尼西亚爪哇岛西部的低洼沿海城市，在最新城市人口排行榜中从第二名跃居首位，取代了2000年联合国上一次评估中被评为全球最大城市的东京。

　　东京的人口相对稳定，约为3340万，因此降至第三位。孟加拉国人口稠密的首都达卡则从第九位跃升至第二位，预计到2050年将成为全球人口最多的城市。

　　联合国经济和社会事务部发布的《2025年世界城市化展望》报告还指出，人口超过1000万的特大城市数量已增至33个，是1975年全球8个特大城市数量的四倍。

　　全球33个特大城市中有19个位于亚洲，前10大城市中亚洲占9个。除雅加达、达卡和东京外，其他跻身前十的亚洲城市包括：印度新德里的3020万人、中国上海的2960万、中国广州的2760万人、菲律宾马尼拉的2470万人、印度加尔各答的2250万人，以及韩国首尔的2250万人。

　　联合国称，埃及开罗以3200万人口成为排名前十的唯一的非亚洲城市。巴西圣保罗的人口1890万，是美洲最大城市；尼日利亚拉各斯人口的增长同样迅速，成为撒哈拉以南非洲最大城市。

　　雅加达的摩托大军

　　二、城市人口持续增长的原因及所面临的问题

　　达卡人口的快速增长部分源于农村人口向首都迁移，他们或为寻求更好的就业机会或生活条件，或因洪水、海平面上升等问题逃离家乡，而气候变化加剧了这些问题。

　　雅加达也面临着海平面上升带来的挑战。据估计，到2050年，该市多达四分之一的区域可能被淹没。

　　问题的严重性促使印尼政府在婆罗洲岛东加里曼丹省的努桑塔拉新建一座行政首都。尽管政府机构和议会大厦将迁至新址，但联合国估计，到2050年，雅加达的人口将再增加1000万。

　　雅加达不断增长的人口还将面临不平等和生活成本高昂的问题。今年早些时候，数千人走上街头抗议，反映出低收入劳动者（包括网约车司机和外卖骑手）对自身处境的不满日益加剧。

　　与此同时，联合国报告显示，伊朗首都德黑兰正面临水资源枯竭导致的限水问题，目前人口为900万。

　　此次新评估还出现了一些变化，联合国采用了新方法，试图解决不同国家在城市化定义上的不一致问题。

　　联合国还表示，除少数例外情况外，报告在大多数情况下反映的是单个城市的规模，而非已融合发展的两座城市。

　　新定义将城市界定为“连续聚集区”，即由1平方公里网格单元组成，每平方公里人口密度至少为1500人，总人口至少达到5万人。

　　世界人口密度最高的达卡有望成为全球人口最多的城市

　　Indonesia’s Jakarta now the world’s largest city, Tokyo falls to third: UN. By Lyndal Rowlands. Aljazeera. November 25, 2025.

　　A new United Nations report has found that Indonesia’s capital Jakarta is the world’s largest city with 41.9 million people living there, followed by Dhaka in Bangladesh, which is home to 36.6 million.

　　A low-lying coastal city located in the west of the densely populated island of Java, Jakarta rose from second place to replace Tokyo, which had been named the world’s largest city in the UN’s most recent assessment published back in 2000.

　　The Japanese capital’s relatively steady population of 33.4 million saw it fall to third place behind Bangladesh’s densely populated capital, Dhaka, which jumped to second place from ninth and is now projected to become the world’s largest city by 2050.

　　The World Urbanization Prospects 2025 report from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs also found that the number of megacities – urban areas with more than 10 million inhabitants – has increased to 33, four times more than the eight megacities that existed worldwide in 1975.

　　Asia is home to 19 of the world’s 33 megacities, and nine out of the top 10. In addition to Jakarta, Dhaka and Tokyo, the other Asian cities in the top 10 are: New Delhi, India (30.2 million); Shanghai, China (29.6 million); Guangzhou, China (27.6 million); Manila, Philippines (24.7 million); Kolkata, India (22.5 million); and Seoul, South Korea (22.5 million).

　　With a population of 32 million people, Egypt’s Cairo is the only city in the top 10 that is outside Asia, according to the UN.

　　Sao Paulo in Brazil, with 18.9 million people, is the largest city in the Americas, while Lagos in Nigeria also grew rapidly, making it the largest city in sub-Saharan Africa.

　　Still growing

　　Dhaka’s rapid growth has partly been driven by people from rural areas moving to the capital, searching for opportunities or fleeing hometowns due to problems including flooding and rising sea levels, made worse by climate change.

　　Jakarta is also facing problems due to rising sea levels. It is estimated that up to one quarter of the city could be under water by 2050.

　　The problem is so serious that Indonesia’s government is building a new purpose-built capital city in Nusantara in Borneo island’s East Kalimantan province. Yet while the city’s officials and parliamentary buildings will have a new home, the UN estimates that 10 million more people will be living in Jakarta by 2050.

　　The city’s growing population will also have to contend with concerns over inequality and affordability, which saw thousands of people take to the streets of the Indonesian city earlier this year, reflecting rising anger over the conditions of low-income workers, including app-based motorcycle ride-share and delivery riders.

　　Meanwhile, according to the UN report, Iran’s capital Tehran, which is facing water rations because it is close to running out of water, currently has a population of nine million people.

　　The new assessment also saw changes as the UN adopted new measures to try to address inconsistencies in how different countries defined urbanisation.

　　The UN also said that in most cases its report reflected the size of individual cities, rather than two cities that have grown together, with a small number of exceptions.

　　The new definition defined a city as a “contiguous agglomeration” of one-kilometre-square grid cells with a density of at least 1,500 inhabitants per square kilometre and a total population of at least 50,000.

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